Type-writer



(No Model.) 7 r 5 Sheets--Sheet 1. B. GRANVILLE.

TYPE WRITER. A No. 570,433. Patented Oct. 27, 1896; E 1.

. 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. GRANVILLE.

TYPE WRITER.

(No Model.)

=s 22E: i t i E5:

(No Modem 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

B. GRANVILLE. TYPE WRITER.

No. 570,433. Patented Oct. 2'7, 1896.

(No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 4. B. GRANVILLE.

I TYPE WRITER. 0. 570,433.

Patented Oct. 27, 1896.

.(No Model.) 5 Sheets--Sheet 5.

B.'GRANVIL LE.

TYPE WRITER No. 570,433. Patel lied Get. 27, 1896 bored 496,304.

'NITED STATES PATENT Demon.

BERNARD GRANVILLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT G. CORRE, OFCINCINNATI, OHIO.

TYPE-WRITER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 570,433, dated October27, 1896.

Application filed July 9,1895. Renewed October 5,1896. Serial No.607,967. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BERNARD GRANVILLE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-\Vriters, of whichthe following is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

The invention herein set forth is an improvement upon the machine shown.in Letters Patent of the United States patented to me on the 25th day ofApril, 1893, and num- The general principle of operation of saidpatented machine is retained in the machine herein described, and mypresent invention consisting of details of construction and of partsadded or changed in form.

The objects sought in this invention are in part the improved operationof the machine and in part cheapness of construction. and durability.

My said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichthe complete machine is shown, as well as the details and features whichconstitute my invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view with parts broken away. Fig. 2is a sectional view from front to rear with parts in side elevation.Fig. 3 is a part side and part sectional elevation of the left-hand sideof the machine. Fig. 3 is a view of a detail. Fig. 4 is a rear view ofthe machine. Fig. 5is a rear view of the rear type-bar guide-plate. Fig.6 is a side view of the right-hand frame of the carriage. Figs. 7 and 8show a plan and side view of the line-space regulator. Fig. 9 is a frontview of the front type-bar guide-plate. Fig. 1.0 is a front view of theribbon supporting and operating mechanism and parts adjacent thereto.Fig. 11 is a detail view of the manner of attaching the ribbon-spoolsprings to their spindles. Fig. 12 shows a bottom plan view of theroller-frame of the carriage. Fig. 13 is a detail side view of thetongue for guiding the type-bars and the fixed guide-plate. Fig. 14:shows the blank from which the type-bar links are formed, showing also abottom plan view of one of the links. Fig. 15 shows details of the stopfor the cradle-frame. Fig. 16 is a view of one of the key-lever links.Fig. 17 a detail of a key-lever. Fig. 18 shows the manner of fixing thepivot-pins in the type-bar lever and type-bars. Figs. 19 and 20 show inplan and elevation a key-lever, while Fig. 21 is a detail of the end ofthe key-lever before it is bent to form the finger-piece. Fig. 22 is adetail view of the pressure-roll and its bearings. Fig. 23 is a detailperspective view of the paper-clip. Fi 24 is a detail perspective viewof the eseapement-pawls and their opcrating-wiper.

The frame which supports, directly or indirectly, the working parts isso formed that it may be made of cast metal. It is shown in plan in Fig.1 and in side elevation in Fig. 2. It has two side bars A, two pairs ofposts marked 13 and C, respectively, and two crossbars connecting theside bars directly, marked, respectively, D and D. Between the rearposts 0 is a connecting-bar E. Between the front and rear bar is areinforcing rib l).

The key-levers 1 are composed of horizontally-arranged plain bars set onedge and turned up at the forward ends, as shown at 2, to support thefinger-pieces 3. These levers are notched at the rear ends on the upperedges and fulcrum upon the lower edge of the cross-bar E. A comb 4. ispinned to the front face 'of the bar E, and in its slits the rear endsof the key-levers are held. Springs 5 have upturned flanges (3 on theirfree ends, which embrace and bear upon the lower edges of the key-leversand tend to hold the front ends raised in normal position. The fixedends of the springs are clamped to the rear crossbar D, as shown at 7..The plungers or type-bars a are reciprocated in.

direct lines, as in my aforesaid patent, in a rocking frame, in whichthese bars converge to a common printing-point. The front ends of thesebars are connected to the longer arms of bell-crank levers 8 and 9,which are in turn pivoted to posts 10 and 11, and are connected by links12 and 13 to the key-levers. The

lower ends of these posts are notched. These lower ends are fixed in thefront cross-barl5 of the cradle-frame by setting them in' the mold andcasting the metal around them-- this to avoid the expense of drillingand rivposts on each side eiing. The links are shown more clearlydotached, as in Fig. 16. They are struck out of sheet metal with slotsat the ends made to fit over the levers, which they connect. The lowerends of these links are held in place upon the key-levers by specialconstruction. (Illustrated more clearly in Figs. 19 and 20.) \Vhen theselevers are struck out, spring; tongues I) are also struck out free atone end and left integral with. the metal at the other end. These arereversed to each other, the free ends being directed toward each other,with a space between to receive the link, which is slipped on over thetongue into the space in which it is held. This accurately locates andholds the link, and depression of the lever pulls down the short arm ofthe bell-crank lever and projects forward the type-bar.

The front ends of the type-bars are connected to the bell-crank leversby a special form of links 10. These are struck out of sheet metal inthe form shown in Fig. 14:. These blanks are bent on the line m 0?,equally dividing the intermediate part 17', and when thus bent the sidesand projecting ends are separated by a space sufficient to admit theedge of the type-bar. The end of the lever-arm is provided with a pin 18fixed therein and projecting on each side, and a similar pin is in theforward end of the typebar at 1!). The holes 19 in the link are fittedto these pins, and connection is made by spreading the ends of the linkand allowing them to spring back over the pins. The bent part 17 restson the upper edge of the typebar when the parts are in normal position,and the forward end of the link rises when the key-lever is operated toimpel the bars. The parts are returned to normal position by the spring5.

The backward movement of the bell-crank levers is limited by a stop 20,composed of a rod held upon arms and incased preferably in rubbertubing. A similar stop 21 lies across the upper surface of thekey-levers and limits their return movement. This stop lies just in rearof the upturned ends of the key-levers.

In order to form inexpensively the fingerpieces on the ends oftheselevers, these ends are made in. the stamping of the lever, as shown inFigs. 19 and 21. The end is cut approximately in the form of a circle,leaving a nearly complete disk 22, with slits 23, which partially severthe disk from the end of the bar, leaving a narrow neck 24, which, whenthe disk is turned up at right angles to the neck, as shown in Fig. 17,leaves the neck connected with the center of the disk, which forms thebase of the cap. Thecap is completed, as shown in section in Fig. 20, byplacing on the disk another disk 25, which is held in place by a thimble26, forced down over the edge of the disk 22.

The general principles of construction and operation of the cradle whichcarries the typebars is the same as in my aforesaid patent of 1893. Itdiffers, however, in details. The base of the frame is the transversebar 15, in which the posts 10 and 11 are embedded. The arms 28 are castin one piece with the standard 28 and the base-bar 15. Across the rearends of the arms 28 is fixed another casting consisting of two curvedbars 29 and 30, on the ends of which are posts 31 and This casting isheld upon the arms 28 by a screw at each end, and upon it are fixedguide-plates and 34. These plates are pierced for the passage of thetype-bars, the holes in the plates forming guides for the bars. Theseplates may be made of hardened steel, so as to resist the wear. The mainframe of the cradle is formed with two arms 35 extending from the end ofbar 15 forward on each side of the bank of keys, and on their forwardends they have finger-pieces 36, by

.means of which the cradle may be tilted to bring the caps intoalinement. The rear end of the cradle is down normally, so that theupper row of characters is normally in alinement with theprinting-point. hen the lower rows are to be brought into alinement, thecradle is tilted by pressure upon the finger-piece 36 on either side ofthe bank of keys. 0n the left side I have provided a locking deviceconsisting of a pivoted arm 38, which has a stud 39 and is held by aspring 40. The arm is so arranged that when it is tipped forward it isout of connection. \Vhen it is tipped back, the stud 39 strikes a stud4:4; 011 the arm '35 on the left side, and thereby throws down the arm35 and locks the cradle with the lower row of type (usually capitals andcharacter less used) in range with the printin g-point. The connectionwith the spring shown in Fig. 2 holds the arm 38 in both positions.

The cradle is pivoted at 5, and requires but slight movement. The pivotbeing near the front end of the cradle, its rear end drops by gravity,which I have found to be the best mode of returning it, as I therebyavoid the rebound of a spring.

The movement of the cradle is limited by stops 4.6 and 47. The stop 48consists of the upturned rear edge of the plate 48. On an arm extendingdownward in rear of the stop 48 is a buffer 49, clamped under aneccentric disk 50, held by a screw 51, which presses the disk into theleather. The amount of motion permitted the cradle may be regulated byloosening the screw and turning the disk thereon. The stop 47 is aprojection on the cradle-frame, with projection and buffer 52, which isconstructed and held adjustably the same as the buffer 49.

In rear of the cradle, and between it and the printing-point on thetype-cylind er K, are guide-plates 53. These are supported upon a stud54 on the main frame. The plates conthe heads of the type-bars.

IIO

of the plates is shown more clearly in Figs. 2 and 10. The ends of theseplates are close to the face of the cylinder which carries the paper andserves as a platen. It will be observed that the type bars converge, butcarry the heads on which the type are set arranged squarely to theplaten, so that the type may be impressed in lines at right angles tothe surface of the paper. In order that the blow may be delivered in thesame direction, I have provided a central guide consisting of the plate55. This plate is hung so as to swingfreely within the narrow limitspermitted by the guide-plates 53, between the forward ends of which thecentral guide proj ects. The central guide may be thrown from side toside, according as the right or left hand type-bars are brought intoaction. The central guide-plate is loosely connected on the centralvertical line with the plate 33, and whether the right-hand type-bars orthe lefthand are in action the central plate forms the auxiliary guideon one side and one of the fixed guides 53 serves as the guide on theother side. These guides being properly adapted to the heads on thetype-bars, they accnrately direct the type to the printing-point Thisguide is lateral, but as the bearings in the curved plates are widelyseparated, the type have accurate lineal alinement from those bearings.On whichever side the typebars are acting, the guides cause the type inits final movement to strike squarely against the paper.

I have changed the construction of the frame which supports theconnecting ribbon on both sides of the printing-point and raises andlowers it so as to interpose the ribbon when the impression is made, andto lower the ribbon when the type-bar is withdrawn. This frame I haveshown as struck up out of thin sheet metal. It is shown at O in Figs. 1and 10. Part consists of two long arms 60, having bearings 61 instandards 61, 011 which they move. These arms converge to the front endsof the guide-plates 53. At this point they are formed on one side with awing62, which, when the frame is down, rests on the top of theguide-plates, and in this position the ribbon is below the line ofprint. The arms extend backward to the points 63, from which points itforms a how 64, with arms 65, which are turned up to make a loop forholding the ribbon. There is a similar loop on each of the arms, at (36,and the ribbon is led from the spools through the loops 66 and G5 andacross the loop on the other side, and so back to the other spool.

On each end of the frame 0 is rearwardlyextending arm 67, madepreferably of steel wire, which extends to the rear of the pivot andforms the lever-arm by means of which the frame is raised to bring theribbon over the printing-point. These arms are connected by rods 68 witha transverse bar 69, which lies under and across the key-levers, so thaton every depression of the key-levers made removable easily.

the ribbon is raised and the parts are so adjusted that the ribbon risesinto place before the type'bar has delivered its blow. A light spring'70 returns the frame and ribbon to their low position, thus disclosingthe character which has been printed. The shafts 71, which carry thespindles for the spools, are mounted in vertical bearings in the mainframe and have beveled gears 72 in mesh with other beveled gears 73 onthe horizontal shaft 7 4, also mounted in bearings in the main frame.The shaft is longitudinally adjustable and the gears 73 are separated,so that upon shifting of the shaft 7 4: eitherone or the other may bethrown into mesh, so that the ribbon may be fed in either direction bysimply pushing the shaft. The shaft 74 is turned by means of abevel-gear 75 meshing with another bevel-gear 76 on a shaft prolongedfrom the axis of the escapement-wheel, which permits the carriage tomove to the left in printing the line.

The spools are made of disks 77, struck up out of thin sheet metal andconnected by sleeves fitted to admit a spindle. For convenience andeconomy I make the spindle 7 8 of the same diameter as the shaft whichcarries the beveled gear '72, and I support this shaftin its bearings bya small collar 7 9, which is forced down over the spindle. The spool isheld by the frictional contact of a spring 80, which is made in the formof a bow and set in a slot milled longitudinally .in the spindle, thespring being held by pinching the walls of the slot against the spring.

The carriage-bed is formed of a separate casting consisting of a frameformed of side bars 81 and 82, connected by cross-bars at the end, theside bars being planed out to form guideways for the trucks on which thecarriage moves. The front bar of this bed is made higher and upon it areformed the arms which carry the bearings of the spool-shafts, and alsothe arms which support the drivingshaft for the spool. Thecarriage-frame has end pieces formed of castings, as shown in Figs. 2and 6. The main connections between these end frames consist of therack-bar S4, fixed to the rear leg 85, and a rod 86, fixed to the frontleg 87. The right-hand bearing for the paper-roll K is at the point 89,being a simple hole opening inwardly. The left-hand bearing 90 is anopen slot, in which the shaft is held by one of the springs 91, it beingthus The pressure-roll 92 is set in hearings in spring-arms 93, pivoted011 the inner faces of the end frames. The springs 93 of these arms arecontrolled by set-screws 95. In front of this roller, on the same arms,is fixed a thin bar 94, beveled to fit the contour of the paper-roll.

In rear of the pressure-roller is a curved plate or paper-shelf 96, theends of which are supported by bearing against the ribs on the endframes, being held in place by the clips 97 98, which are bent to bearon the lower.

side of the shelf at X, and have forward extensions engaging the shelf.For convenience of construction the clips 08 are turned over the bar,and so held thereon, and, extending underneath, are turned up to formthe front springs, which guide the paper in front of and over theroller. On the right-hand clip 08 is pivoted the dog 00, which trips thebellhammer.

The ratchet-wheel, by means of which the paper-roll is turned forline-spacing, is on the right-hand end of the roller. It is operated bya pawl 100, which has a tooth 1.01 arranged to engage with theratchet-wheel. The pawl extends up between stop-arms 102, east upon anarm 105 on the right-hand end frame. The pawl is pivoted upon the end ofthe frame 105, the arms of which are pivoted at 106 011 the innerface ofthe end frames. The pawl is held in engagement and at the same timepulled back after action by means of diagonally-arranged spring 107. Thearm of the frame 105, on the left hand, extends to the rear, as shown at108, and engages with a bell-crank lever 10.9,pivoted on the end frame.Against the lower arm of this bellcrank lever bears the end of a freelysliding rod 110, the right-hand end of which is arranged to strike uponan adjustable stop 111, set on a rack-bar 112, fixed to the rear of themain frame of the machine. The sliding rod is held in guides 113 114,the latter being in the end of the arm 115, through which the carriageis moved. \Vhen the rod strikes the stop,it operates the frame throughthe bell-crank lever, causing the pawl to rise and move the paper-rollerone notch, so that this movement is caused by the return movement of thecarriage, and the shock of the stop is taken up in the work done by thepawl and the tension of the pawl-spring. To vary the space, I haveprovided a line-space regulator, and for economy of construction this ismade of special shape. It consists of a piece of sheet metal cut out inthe shape shown in Figs. 6, '7, and 8. It has a pivot-hole 116, and inthe same plane with the part having this pivot-hole an arm. turned up toform a guide for the tooth of the pawl. Another arm 117 is bent over thearm 10% of the end frame, and on the end of this bent arm 117 are twostops 117 which limit the upward and downward movement of the arm 117. Apin 11S engages with the arm 117, which springs over the pin and holdsit in raised position. The pin projects from the arm 104:, and the arm117 has an opening, Fig. 8, to engage the pin. This piece is pivotedupon a shoulder in the frame around the bearing of the paper-roll.

The line-space regulator has a curved edge 117 concentric with the teethof the ratchet and projecting sufficiently to form a rest for thepawl-tooth 101 to rest against, and thus be held out of engagement withthe ratchet, and by adjusting this line-space regulator to its extremeposition more or less of the ratchet-teeth will be exposed to be engagedby the pawl, the edge acting as a shield during part of the movement ofthe pawl.

The arm and lever for moving the carriage are substantially like thosein my aforesaid patent. The part directly underneath is in the form of abell-crank lever, marked 110. It is pivoted near the front of themachine at the angle, and the shorter arm extends across the machine andis connected to an arm 120 on the shaft 121 in the forward posts 13.This shaft has arms 121 with finger-pieces upon the ends extending tothe side of the keyboard, so as to be within reach of the operatorwithout removing his hands from the keyboard. There is one arm at eachend of the shaft, so that the carriage may be moved by either hand. Thelong arm of the bel crank lever extends to the rear and is connected bya link 122 to the arm 115, the upper end of which is struck up in formof a box, in the sides of which are the bearings of the stop-rod. Thesides of the box are extended and turned out, as at 123, the turnedoutends being screwed to the rack-bar of the carriage. lVhen the carriageis free, therefore, it may be moved in either direction by manipulationof the arms extending to the front by the side of the keyboard. The arm115 has an offset 115 fitting over the shaft of the spring-tighteningdevice, on which is the knob 124:. The shaft of this knob carries aratchet-wheel 125 outside of the plate 126, which covers the rear of themachine, and this ratchet-wheel has an esca'pement-lever 127, providedwith a finger-piece. The shaft passes through the back bar of thecarriageframe, and upon it near the forward end is the pulley 128 looseon the shaft, but held by means of a collar 129 against endwise movement. The pulley is provided with a case 130, in which is a coiledspring, one end of which is secured to the case and the other to theshaft.

The tension of the spring may be increased by turning the knob to theright, or may be diminished by manipulating the escapementlever.

The shaft abuts end to end against the shaft 7 6*, which carries thepinion 76, hereto, fore described,which drives the ribbon-spoolsand theshell 130 is connected to the ribbonshaft by a pawl-and-ratchetconnection, the pawl being carried by the shell 130 and the ratchet bythe shaft 7 6*, so that the movement of the carriage to the left isaccompanied by a movement of the ribbonshaft, which remains stationarywhen the carriage moves to the right.

The escapement-pawls 131 132 are mounted upon an eccentric-screw set inthe standard 131 on the carriage-bcd. They are provided with springs andpins 13-1, which extend over a wiper or cam plate 135. This has one highpart for one pin and another for another, marked,respectively,136 137,so arranged that one pawl is always held out of engagement with therack-bar. The high parts, however,

are so arranged and shaped, as shown in Fig. 4, that by certain lesseramount of movement of the cam-plate the alternate escapement motion ofthe two pawls is secured, but by a greater movement to the left of thecamplate both pawls are released and the carriage is set free. Thecam-plate, which is in the form of a broad blade, is carried upon anupright arm on a bell-crank lever 138. Another arm 139 of this lever isconnected to the retracting-spring, which causes thecamplate to retreatto the right. i

The horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever 138 extends over an arm 1&1on a rock-shaft 142. This rock-shaft has arms hi2 projecting forwardconnected to the bar 142, which extends under the key-levers.Thekey-levers appropriate to the printin g-characters depress this baronly enough to operate the escapement, but there is a key-lever on theright of the machine, 143, which has a-greater range and will depressthe bar far enough to fully release the pawls, as before explained. 0nthe left of the keyboard is the finger-piece of a key-lever 144, whichis connected by a link Mi to an arm 145 on a sleeve which carries an arm146, the sleeve being supported upon a stud on the carriage-bed. The arm146 eX tends under the frame 105, which carries the pawl operating theline-feed, and by the manipulation of this key-lever the paper-roll maybe operated at will and independently of the automatic mechanism abovedescribed.

I have provided means for adjusting the spring 135 which returns thecam-plate operating the escapement-pawls of the carriage, and thus forvarying the amount of pressure required to operate the keys of thetype-levers.

zontal flanges on the lower edge.

This consists of a screw connection and thumbpiece 147 on the left-handside of the machine; by means of this the tension of the spring upon thebell-crank lever which carries the cam-plate may be varied.

I have in front of the bank of keys an ordinary spacing-bar whichoperates the escapement in the ordinary way.

It will be observed that the type-bars are formed with. thicker rearends and thinner at the forward ends and are provided with hori- Thesehorizontal flanges form a broader bearing and also fit into lateralnotches in the guide-plates, so that they are held securely againstdisplacement. I have provided a special construction for the pins whichare set in the type-bars and in the bell-crank levers for the removablelink which connects these parts. The pin is shown enlarged in Fig. 18.It has a peripheral groove 150 a little aside of the center, and whenthis pin is inserted in the lever or bar the metal is struck up into thegroove, as shown in the figure, so that the pin is held therein withvery little trouble and expense.

It will be seen from Fig. 2 that the links 12 and 13, which operate thetype-bar levers, are arranged radially in relation to the pivot 45 ofthe type-bar frame, and when the frame is tilted on the pivot 15 tochange from upper to lower case there will be no tendency for theoperating conneetions'zi. a, the links and the type-bar levers-to bechanged in relation to each other nor no straining or tension will beplaced on the parts. The nose of the bellcrank lever is also so arrangedand constructed that it willbe impossible for the link to becomedetached therefrom, and in linking or unlinking the machine it isnecessary that the type bars and levers be at their extreme limitrearward before the links can be attached or detached, the said linksmerely resting in the hook of the nose and having no pivot-pin connection therewith.

The roller-frame 151.,upon which the papercarriage works, I have foundmust be of special construction to avoid binding of the same on thestationary ways 81 82. This rollerframe is shown in Figs. 2 and 12, andconsists of two side bars 152, a connecting-bar 153 at one end, and therollers 154. I have found that it is necessary that one of the side barsmust be rigidly fixed to the cross-bar, and in the drawings I have shownthe rigid connection as effected with solder at 3 though I do not limitmyself in this respect, as the rigid connection may be made in someother way. This form of frame keeps the rollers in line and preventscreeping of one roller in advance of the other, which would result inbinding of the roller-frame and carriage. The rollerframe has two spurs155 struck from one of the side bars, and these are in line with a pin156, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 as depending from the front bar ofthe carriageframe, so that should the roller-frame get out of its properposition relative to the carriageframe, the pin on the carriage willmove the frame into proper relative position.

The stop-bars 20 and 21 for the type-bar levers are held to the machineby spring-arms 20 21, which are attached to the stop-bars by the ends ofthe bars which project beyond the rubber tubing entering openings in thespring arms or clips, so that it is only necessary in order to removethe stops to press back the spring-arm at either end of the bar andremove the same. The projecting ends are squared oif on one side at 2021" to fit the holes in the clips.

The rear one of the type-bar guide-plates 34 has notches 34 in its edgesfor the typebars of the upper and lower case, as before stated, andthese notches are of the peculiar form represented in Fig. 9that is, thevertical portion of the notch 34 is enlarged laterally at 3t and thetype-bars have lateral ribs 345 corresponding thereto. The notch andtype-bar are relatively proportioned so that the type-bar may havelateral play, but the ribs fitting in the lateral enlargements of thenotches will be guided accurately against vertical displacement. Theopenings in the guide-plate 33 are merely plain slots and do not haveany effect to hold the type-bars against free lateral play, excepting bytheir end walls, which confine the outer type-bars of the set and thosein turn confine the next inner type-bars, and so on throughout the set,it being understood that the type-bars are so fitted to the slots as topermit lateral play of the said bars to prevent sticking, and theseguide-plates are notdepended on to guide the type-bars laterally, butfor this purpose the converging guide-plates 53 and the shiftingguide-tongue 55 are used. The said tongue .is held pivotally in place bymerely notching its upper and lower arms and fitting them to the edgesof the slot in the plate 33.

The pawls 131 132 of the escapement are, as before stated, carried bythe standard 131 and this is pivoted at 131 to the machineframe, and isunder tension of a sprin 131", connected thereto and to the cross-bar131,extending between the ways 81 82. This spring tends constantly toforce the standard and hold it against a stop 160. The purpose of thisarrangement is to provide a support for the pawls which will beperfectly rigid while the step-by-step movement of the carriage fromright to left is taking place, and which will yield and allow the pawlsto yield when they are returned into engagement with the carriage afterthe carriage has been released and has acquired considerable force andmo mentum in its free passage from right to left. The standard 131 isalso held rigidly against the stop 160 by the spring when the carriageis thrown to the right for beginning a new line, as the strain or shockon the pawls at this time is no more than that resulting from theordinary step-by-step movement.

I have provided an arm 161, Fig. 2, connected with the shaft 142 andextending up in the range of the paper-clip, so that when the paper-clip comes opposite this arm the arm will strike the clip and act as a lockto the depression of any key and to prevent the release of theescapemcnt- As the shaft 14:2 is moved bythe universal space-bar 142" ateach key action, it follows that the arm 161 is also moved, and as theshaft 142, with its arm 141, controls the escapement, the striking ofthe arm 161 against the paper-clip when the latter comes before it willprevent the escapement from working, and also prevent the depression ofthe keys. In order to prevent the movement of the clips past theprinting-point, an arm 162 projects inwardly from the frame, and in thesame vertical plane as the prii'iting-point, and in line with thepaper-clip to strike the same and prevent them from extending over theprinting-point. The carriage is operated from the pulley 128 by the cord128.

The adjustable stop 111 is made from a single blank, (shown adjacent toFig. 4,) said blank having the body portion and the tongue 111*. Theblank is struck up on the dotted lines, shown so as to make the bodyportion of channel or U shape in cross-section, the tongue or spur 111being struck up at the same time. This provides a cheap and efficientform of stop. This stop-piece has the rear end of its upper flange bentdown to form the pa wl-tootl l for engaging the rack, and a leaf-spring(indicated in Fig. 4) between the lower flange and the lower edge of therack holds the stop-piece against movement longitudinally of the rack.The said channel-stop is retained. in place be tween the rack and therear side of the carriage by the rack-bar extending through itschanneled face.

The pawls of the escapement, as shown in Fig. 3, are held by aneccentric screw 131", and by turning this screw the pawls may beadjusted in relation to each other.

The object of this adjustment is to get the spaces between the lettersof the proper size to suit the type.

What I claim is 1. In combination, the longitudinally-mov ableconverging type-bars, converging fixed guides therefor, a platen, and aswinging guide between the fixed guides converging therewith and adaptedto be thrown from side to side of the guideway by the impact of thetype-bars, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the longitudinallymoving type-bars and the fixedguides near the platen, an auxiliary movable guide arranged between thewalls of the fixed guide and adapted to divide the space thereof and toform with either guiding-wall a smaller guiding-space, substantially asdescribed.

In combination with the converging typebars having their heads arrangedsquarely to the platen, the converging guide-plates having their rearends near the platen with an open space between the said ends adapted toreceive the head of the type-bars and an auxiliary guide supported atits front end upon the cradle-frame with its rear end arranged betweenthe front end of the converging guides and converging therewith todivide the space of the main guide up and to make a small taperingguide-space, the said auxiliary guide being adapted to shift freely fromside to side of the main guides, substantially as described.

4. The cradle-frame composed of a single casting carrying guide-platesfor the type bars and having integral arms extending to the front and tothe side of the keyboard and upwardly-extending standards pivoted attheir upper ends, arms extending rearward from the central portion ofthe upright standards, said forwardly-extending arms being connected tothe lower ends of the upright standards, substantially as described.

5. The reciprocating type-bars having pins and the bell-crank levers foroperating said type-bars having pins and combined with connecting-linkshaving a rigid center and spring ends on each side thereof, said endsbeing perforated to fit over the pins of the type-bars and levers,substantially as described.

6. The connecting-link for the levers and type-bars formed of a singlepiece of sheet metal having a central connecting part bent IIO asdescribed into U form in cross-section and elastic ends in combinationwith said levers and bars, said ends embracin the levers and thetype-bars substantially as described.

7. In combination, the reciprocating typebars,the levers and the linkshaving U shaped central portions embracing the upper edges of the barsand having spring ends embracing the bars and levers and sprung intoconnection therewith, substantially as described.

8. In combination, the platen, the typebars of the upper and lower case,the key levers with connections thereto, the rocking cradle-frame, andthe stops therefor, consisting of the eccentric disks, and the buffersheld thereby, with means for clamping the disk in any adjusted position,substantially as described.

9. In combination, the platen, the sliding type-bars, the guide-plates34, 33, said plate 33 having the plain slots and the plate 34 thenotched slots, said notches having lateral extensions to receive ribs onthe type-bars to hold the bars against vertical movement while the plainslots allow the bars to move laterally, substantially as described.

10. In combination, the platen, the converging typebars, the convergingguides for directing the type laterally, and the shifting tongue workingfrom side to side intermediate of said guides and converging therewith,substantially as described.

11. In combination, the platen, the converging type-bars, theguide-plate having the slots for the bars, and the shifting tongue forguiding the type -bars said tongue having notches engaging theguide-plate, substantially as described.

12. I11 combination, the typebars, the eradle-frame having the arm 35extending forwardly therefrom and having the downwardly-projecting lug44, the lever 38 having an arm 39 to bear 011 the under side of the lug44 to move the arm 35 of the cradle-frame downwardly, and the spring 40arranged to hold the lever 38 in either position, substantially asdescribed.

13. In combination, the platen, the end frames carrying the same, theratchet-wheel, the pawl-lever operating vertically, the line space framecarrying the pawl-lever and j ournaled in the end frames, said end framehaving a laterally-extending arm at its upper part, having two stopsbetween which the upper end of the vertically-moving pawl-leveroperates, and the spring for drawing the pawllever laterally intocontact with the ratchetwheel.

14. I11 combination, the platen, the end frames carrying the same, theratchet, the pawl-lever for engaging the same, the laterally-extendingarm 104 on the end frame having stops on its inner side to engage andcontrol the pawl-lever and the line-space regulator pivoted on the innerside of the end frame and having a portion to shield the ratchet fromthe pawl-lever, said line-space regulator being bent over the arm to itsouter side and terminating in stops embracing the said arm,substantially as described.

15. In combination, the type-levers, the carriage and platen, theline-space mechanism including the line-space frame 105 on the front ofthe carriage, connections therefrom to one of the keys, the pawl carriedthereby, said space-frame having a rearwardly-extendin g arm 108, anadjustable stop in rear of the carriage on. the main frame, the bar 110movable longitudinally of the carriage and adapted to strike the stop,and the lever 109 between the bar 11.0 and the extension 108 of thespace-frame, substantially as described.

16. In combination,the platen,the carriage, and the escapement mechanismcomprising the rack-bar, the two pawls arranged side by side extendingin the same direction and having pins projecting laterally therefrom atdifferent distances from the pivot of the pawls and a single wiper-armpivoted at its lower end to swing longitudinally of the pawls and havingits upper end in the form of a broad blade the upper edge of which is ofcam. form and engages the proje'ctingpins of both pawls, substantiallyas described.

17. In combination,the platen,the carriage, the escapement comprisingthetwo pawls and a single wiper, having cams to operate both pawls, acarriage-releasingkey-lever arranged. to operate the wiper to cause thehigh part thereof to release both pawls, substantially as described.

18. In combination,the platen,the carriage, means for returning thecarriage to normal position when released, the escapement comprising thepawls, and the cam-wiper for opcrating and releasing both pawls, saidpawls being yielding under the impact of the released carriage,substantially as described.

19. In combination,the platen,the carriage, means for moving thecarriage automatically when released and the escapement comprising thepawl and stop-detent and the yielding standard carrying the same to giveunder the impact of the carriage, substantially as described.

20. In combination, the bell-crank levers and the pins held therein,said pins having a recessed body portion into which the metal of thelever is pressed, substantially as described.

21. In combination, the type-bars and the links U shaped incross-section having a pair of spring-arms at each end, substantially asdescribed.

22. In combination, the platen, the typebars for the upper and lowercaseletters, the swinging frame pivoted to the main frame, the bell-cranklevers the key-levers and the links connecting the same with thebell-crank levers, said links extending in a direction sub stantiallyradial from the pivot of the swinging frame, substantially as described.

23. In combination, the carriage-frame, the platen,the paper-clips an dthe paper-shelf, en-

gaging the end frames of the carriage and held by the paper-clipsagainst the same, substantially as described.

21-. In combination, the carriage, the escapement-pawls and rack, therock-shaft 142, the arm 141 extending therefrom connections to theescapement-pawls, the key-levers, the frame 142 operated thereby, theconnection therefrom to the rock-shaft consisting of the link 11% andthe arm 142 the paper-clip 011 the carriage, and the arm 161 of therockshaft to engage the paper-clip.

25. In combination, in a type-Writer, the platen, the carriage, theadjustable paperclips, the key-levers and the lock-arm 161, operated bythe key-levers to engage the clip and lock the key-levers against actionwhen the clips come opposite the said arm, substantially as described.

26. In combination, the carriage, a rackbar in rear thereof held with aspace between it and the carriage and a stop on the rack-bar consistingof the channel-piece having its upper and lower flanges embracing therack-bar, the rear end of the upper flange being bent down to form thepawl-tooth of the stop, and a spring between the lower flange and thelower edge of the rack-bar, S'lid channel-piece being retained in placeby the rack fitting into its channeled face and by the rear side of thecarriage between which and the rackbar the channeled piece extends,substantially as described.

27. In combination, with the carriage and rack, the escapement-pawls andthe eccentric screw-pin for holding and adjusting the same,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BERNARD GRANVILLE.

Witnesses:

HENRY E. COOPER, WALTER DONALDSON.

